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Watermark 1 - The Lion of the Seven Provinces, unknown maker. Source - Heawood 3148, Essex Legal document dated 1745.
Watermark 2 - The Lion of the Seven Provinces, made by Joseph Portal, Bere and Laverstoke Mills, Hampshire. Source - Heawood 3152, c1779.
Watermark 3 - Brittania, made by Joseph Portal, Bere and Laverstoke Mills, Hampshire. Source - Worcester Cathedral Library, Account Books, Vol LXI, dated 1763.
Watermark 4 - Brittania, unknown maker. One of the earliest known Brittania marks, commemorates two military victories - Dettingen, 1743 and Culloden, 1745. Source - Worcester Cathedral Library, D722, Audit Bills, dated Dec 20th 1750.
Watermark 5 - Brittania, unknown maker. No other examples of a "Rule Brittania" motto have been found. Source - Worcester Cathedral Library, D843, Parish Report, Jan 30th 1759.
Watermark 6 - Brittania, unknown maker. The motto refers to the Duke of Cumberland who fought at Dettingen and Culloden (see also watermark 4). Source - Worcester Cathedral Library, D873, dated 1762.
Watermark 7 - Brittania, unknown maker. The initials LVG refer to the Dutch maker Lubertus van Gerrevinck, but the paper is unlikely to be his. His initials were used as a mark of quality by several English makers, including James Whatman the elder and Henry Portal during the 1740s/50s. Source - Heawood 201: D Fenning and J Collyer, New System of Geography, London, 1765.
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Early Brittania Watermarks
