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Watermark 1 - Genuine mark from the Hollingworth Brothers at Turkey Mill, Maidstone, Kent. Source - Document dated 1818.
Watermark 2 - Genuine mark from William Balston at Springfield Mill, Maidstone, Kent. Source - Document dated 1837, Paris.
Forged Whatman marks.
Watermark 3 - The style of the lettering and position of the date suggest that this mark was copied from a genuine mark of the 1790s, by 1812 the layout would have been similar to watermark 2. Source - Undated document, G?tingen.
Watermark 4 - Most of the letters in this mark are wrong. The dropped crossbar of the A's are more commonly found in German watermarks. Source - Document dated 1829, Hannover.
Watermark 5 - The full stop between the J and W never appears in genuine Whatman marks, also crossing wires in the W were not used in genuine marks after 1790. Source - Document dated 1832-36, G?tingen.
Forged Whatman marks.
Watermark 6 - The full stop after WHATMAN was not done at Maidstone, another feature not seen in genuine marks is the doubling of wires. Source - Document dated 1838, Amsterdam.
Watermark 7 - The crude letter forms, particularly the W, are very similar to marks from Roedter and Gossler, who each operated a small mill at Neustadt and Frankeneck in the Rhineland. Source - Document dated 1839, Naples.
Watermark 8 - Would normally pass for a genuine mark except for the crossed wires in the centre of the W. Source - Document dated 1840, Dresden.
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J Whatman Watermarks.gif)
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